What the Sunshine Guides Are,

and What They Are Not

 

Each Sunshine Guide represents my professional judgment as to what the most likely weather conditions will be at that destination for the foreseeable future.  They are professional opinions and forecasts.  They are not simple compilations of past weather. 

 

Have I studied the past weather and its statistical compilations?  Of course I have. 

 

But I have done more than simply regurgitated the statistics.  I have evaluated each set of data in terms of when it was done, what period of years it covered, where within the destination area it was recorded (airport, city center, university, military base, etc.), how reliable I feel it to be, and how representative it is of those particular parts of the destination area that most travelers are likely to visit. 

 

I have also taken into account trends in climatic characteristics; that is, how the present is different from the past and how the future is likely to be different from the present. 

 

Many people mistakenly believe that each city has one particular “official” weather station, and that that station has published one set of data that properly and officially characterize that location.  Nothing could be farther from the truth.  Climatic characteristics vary widely over the metropolitan area of a particular city.  Temperatures alone can vary by ten or fifteen degrees from the city center to the suburbs, or from that center to the airport.  Rainfall varies, as do most of the other characteristics that you will find in my Guides. 

 

Although the bulk of meteorological data are now collected at airports, and that is where forecasters are stationed, most cities have an additional network of cooperative observers scattered over the metropolitan area.  These may be universities, military installations, small local airports, or just private citizens who maintain collection sites with standardized instruments.  In the United States, the data from these observers also find their way into official publication.  All are thus “official” to one degree or another. 

 

These collection points come and go over the years, as do the first-order meteorological sites.  Meteorological data for cities used to be collected in those cities, usually in some sort of federal office building (quite often, the roof of the post office).  Nowadays, the data is collected out at the airport, even though many of these airports are not located in the cities that they supposedly represent (Cincinnati’s airport is not even in Ohio!).  According to the San Francisco Airport data, that city only gets less than fourteen days a year with fog.  City residents will take issue with that statistic!

 

Data sets thus not only vary geographically, but they cover varying periods of time.  NOAA puts out “normals” for each 30-year period ending in zero (the latest is for the period of 1971 to 2000).  The weather data in each “normal” differ from the ones before it and the ones after it.  Which numbers are “official”, then?  The answer is that they all are. 

 

What I do is to gather together as many of these sets of data as I can get my hands on.  (I might add that forty years of data collection has given me quite a library of data.)  Each data set is then given a weight that represents my professional judgment as to how much influence that particular set will have in the final numbers that you see in each Guide.  The computer program that I wrote then chews all of these weights and numbers up and generates a unique data set that embodies my professional perspective.  I then use this data set to write the Guides. 

 

In short, then, the Guides are not facts, they are opinion—my own professional opinion, but opinion nonetheless.  They are not histories, they are forecasts—and like all forecasts, they are subject to error.  Will the actual weather differ significantly from the numbers in my Guides?  You bet it will—on pmr occasion or another.  These guides can’t tell you all of the weather that can happen, they only tell you what I believe is the most likely weather for that month and for that area. 

 

If you are planning months ahead, then I believe that they are the best weather guides that you can get.  If you are leaving today, then you might want to check the current forecasts for your destination.  These forecasts are available from a large number of sources.  

 

 

Copyright 2007 by Patrick J. Tyson     www.climates.com

Last edited in January of 2010